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Name    :- Bambha Kajal A.

Sem      :- 2

Roll no   :-17

Batch     :- 2017-2019

Paper no :- The Victorian Literature 

Enrollment no :- 2069108420180002

Email id :-kajalbambha16@gmail.com

Submitted to  :-

                            Department of English,MKBU

 

Topic :-Charles Dickens as a Novelist 

 

 

Introduction :-

 He was born on 7th february1812.He was died  9th June 1870.He was known as a socialist and he represent reality of society in his novel.Charles dickens is   sent to Black takes a great interest in social reformation.  His experience and secret from blacking factory gives him Inspiration to write Great Expectation and David Copperfield. His writing continually reflects his social a. Born Dickens left school to work in a factory when his father was incarcerated in a  Despite his lack of for mal education, he edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, five  hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed  extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms.
 Factory at age of 11and he was worked for 12 hours day in atrocious conditions.This experience leaves him mentally scared. As a social reformer Charles Dickens takes a great interest in social reformation.  His experience and secret from blacking factory gives him Inspiration to write Great Expectation and David Copperfield. His writing continually reflects his social and political views and his distaste for business men.Charles Dickens writes his character of the lower social class to have more values than aristocratic that in his own view he has grown to despise.The presents rise up in revolt against the cruel inhumane treatment of the poor and they storm the Bastille Killing the aristocrats which begins the French Revolution.

Novels by Charles Dickens :-

 

Charles Dickens was the Representative novelist of the victorian age. He is the Greatest novelist that england has yet produced.  He is writer of some great novels such  are;

• The Pickwick Papers.1836
• Oliver Twist.1837
• Nicholas Nickleby. 1838
• The Old Curiosity Shop. 1840
• Barnaby Rudge.841
• Martin Chuzzlewit.1843
• Dombey and Son.1846
• David Copperfield.1849
• Bleak House 1852
•  HardTime-1854                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oliver Twist   :-

   

  This is the second novel by  Charles Dickens. Dickens mixed up with the old material materials so subtly modern  so made of the French Revolution, that the whole is transformed. If we want the best example of  this  the best example is Oliver Twist.

  This is the story of an orphan, Oliver Twist, who endures a miserable existence in a workhouse and then is placed with an undertaker. He escapes and travels to London where he meets the Artful Dodger leader of a gang of juvenile pickpockets. Naïvely unaware of their unlawful activities, Oliver is led to the lair of their elderly criminal trainer Fagin. It is notable for Dickens' unromantic portrayal of criminals and their sordid lives. It exposes the cruel treatment of the many orphans in London during the Dickensian era. The book's subtitle, The Parish Boy's Progress, alludes to Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress and also to a pair of popular 18th-century caricature series by William Hogarth, A Rake's Progressand A Harlot's Progress. 

   The Pickwick Papers

   

   

   

  The Pickwick Papers, also known as The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, was the first novel of Charles Dickens.  The novel was initially published in monthly installments from March of 1836 until November 1837.

   

   

  The First Novel of Charles Dickens

  The publishing firm of Chapman and Hall faced a huge decision in April of 1836.   The firm had just started a series of amusing stories dealing with  Cockney sporting scenes.  The series was built around the illustrations of Robert Seymour.  Publication began on March 30th and on April 20th Seymour committed suicide.  Edward Chapman and William Hall had to decide if they were going to continue the series.
  The author who wrote the text to accompany Seymour’s illustrations had an idea.  Why not increase the text and hire a less well-known artist?  The series could continue, but the focus would change from the illustrations to the story.
  The author’s name was Charles Dickens and the series was The Pickwick Papers.
  Chapman and Hall agreed with Dickens ideas and The Pickwick Papers became wildly popular.
  
  The first installment of Pickwick sold about 500 copies while the last installment sold about 40,000 copies.   There were theatrical adaptations before the series was even completed.  Pickwick merchandise began to appear.  People could buy Pickwick cigars, song books and china figurines.
  

Once in a Lifetime

 

In June of 1837 something happed that only occurred once in Dickens’s career.  He missed a deadline.  He was writing two serialized novels at once, but there was no Pickwick that month.  There was no Oliver Twist.  Instead there was a funeral.
In 1837 Mary Hogarth was seventeen, pretty and living with her sister Catherine and Catherine’s husband, Charles Dickens.  Mary was a favorite with the couple and had become like a little sister to Charles.

On the evening of May 6th Mary went with the couple to the St. James Theatre.  The group returned late in the evening and Mary retired for the night.  Shortly after that Dickens heard a cry from Mary’s room.  She was ill.  Despite her doctor’s care Mary passed away in Dickens’s arms on  7th May
Charles was devastated.  The June installments of Twist and Pickwick were not published due to “the sudden death of a very dear young relative to whom he was most affectionately attached and whose society had been for a long time the chief solace of his labours.

Themes of The Pickwick Papers

Dickens works a very serious subject into this comic novel, that of the injustice of the justice system.
Dickens had a first hand look at the legal system when he worked as a law clerk.   His outrage over the inequities and incompetence of the system show up in more than one of his novels.
In a very funny scene Pickwick tries to talk his landlady, Mrs. Bardell, about Sam Weller moving into the house.  She misunderstands and thinks he is proposing marriage.  Later she sues for breach of promise.
The novel is full of humorous quotes dealing with the legal system:

Why, I don’t exactly know about perjury, my dear sir replied the little gentleman. Harsh word, my dear sir, very harsh word indeed. It’s a legal fiction, my dear sir, nothing more.

“Battledore and shuttlecock’s a wery good game, vhen you ain’t the shuttlecock and two lawyers the battledores, in which case it gets too excitin’ to be pleasant.

 A Tale of Two Cities :-

A Tale of Two Cities was the twelfth novel of Charles Dickens.  The first chapters of the book appeared in print in April of 1859.  The last chapter was printed in November of that same year. The novel was illustrated by Phiz better known as Hablot Knight Browne

The novel takes place during the French Revolution.  The revolution began in 1789.  The French people were tired of the social and economic inequalities enforced by the ruling monarchy.  The aristocracy and clergy lived a life of luxury while people in the Third Estate (peasants, artisans, merchants and professional men) paid most of the taxes and didn’t have as many rights. Legend has it that when the queen of France,  Marie Antoinette, was told that the poor people didn’t have any bread to eat she responded.

On September 22, 1792 France was declared a republic.  In an effort to preserve the newly-founded republic many people were put on trial for crimes against the state.  Thousands of people were sentenced to death in unfair trials and many more people were imprisoned.  The time from September 1793 to July 1794 is known as The Reign of Terror. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to heaven, we were all gt authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only.   A Tale of Two Cities

Bleak House :

                                       Bleak Housewas the 9th novel of Charles Dickens.  The novel was published in installments from March in 1852 through September  in 1853. 

Bleak Housewas the 9th novel of Charles Dickens.  The novel was published in installments from March in 1852 through September  in 1853.

Bleak House had several working tit

Bleak House had several working titles.  Some of these included:

·         East Wind

·         Tom-All-Alone’s

·         Bleak House and the East Wind

·         The Solitary House that was Always Shut Up

In Bleak House a character dies via an unusual method — spontaneous combustion.  The unfortunate character to meet this fate is Krook, the brother of Mrs. Smallweed.

George Henry Lewes, a writer for the Leader, complained in his February 1853 column that people just didn’t suddenly burst into flame.  Dickens responded by writing a coroner’s inquest into the next segment of Bleak House.  In the book Krook’s death was investigated and authorities on spontaneous combustion were cited to prove that the the phenomena really did exist.

Spontaneous combustion was a good literary device to demonstrate that passionate forces can lie within us.  However, despite the fact that aBleak House inquest “proved” that people can spontaneously combust, this idea is not taken seriously today.

Conclusion

In spite of the formidable number of flaws and limitations from which Dickens art as a novelist suffers, he is a great novelist. His humour, basic human sympathy, and his rich, vitalising imagination are his basic assets, even though he is deficient in the architectural skill as well as other formal and technical qualifications as a novelist.

 Workcited :-
https://www.charlesdickensinfo.com/novels/complete-works/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Dickens